Acquired brain injury (ABI) during childhood can have negative consequences that extend into adulthood. There is a need for consistent follow-up services for these children, yet research shows that many youths with ABI have both unmet and unrecognized needs years after their injury. Additionally, the needs of children with ABI change over time, leading to unmet needs long after diagnosis. Understanding these factors can help improve access to services following ABI in children.
A recent research review analyzed nine articles and identified several factors that affected a family’s ability or decision to seek follow-up care or incorporate recommendations. A caregiver’s understanding of ABI education and recommendations was found to be a key factor in implementing recommendations. When caregivers had a greater understanding of the effects of brain injury, and received clear and practical recommendations, they were more likely to attend follow-up appointments and implement recommendations. Socioeconomic status was also found to play a role in access to follow-up care. Families with private insurance and those who received repayment for travel costs to medical visits were more likely to follow recommendations. Age and type of injury were related to compliance with recommendations. Adolescents with sports-related concussion were more likely to comply with medical recommendations for returning to their sport than adolescents with non-sports-related concussion. Finally, the review found that older children with TBI were more likely to return for scheduled follow-up appointments in the first year after injury than younger children.
To better support children with ABI and their families, healthcare providers should provide clear and tailored recommendations and prioritize ease of scheduling and attending appointments. Providers should also consider factors such as distance, insurance status, and access to resources when planning follow-up care, and offer support and resources to facilitate access to care.
Lundine JP, Ciccia AH, Koterba C, Guernon A. Factors that Influence Follow-Up Care for Families of Children with Acquired Brain Injury: A Scoping Review. Brain Injury. (2022).